LIBRARYReference Guides
Concept explainers and reference guides: the ideas behind the builds. Free to read, no account needed.
Turning EEG Into a Command: CSP & EEGNet
How a noisy EEG window becomes one of a few commands: the classic Common Spatial Patterns + LDA pipeline, and the deep-learning alternative, EEGNet.
EEG Frequency Bands & Filtering
EEG isn't one signal; it's overlapping rhythms at different frequencies. The classic bands (delta to gamma), what they're associated with, and why you bandpass-filter.
What Is a Brain-Computer Interface?
A BCI turns brain activity directly into a command, with no muscles in the loop. Invasive vs non-invasive, how the read→decode→command loop works, and what's realistic.
What Is EEG & How Does It Work?
EEG (electroencephalography) records the brain's electrical activity from the scalp. What the signal actually is, what it can tell you, and what it can't.
EEG Electrodes & the 10-20 System
Where EEG electrodes go and why: the international 10-20 system, plus wet vs dry electrodes and the all-important reference and bias contacts.
Biopotential Analog Front-Ends
The amplifier stage that makes microvolt EEG measurable: what an instrumentation amplifier does, why biopotentials demand one, and what a modern integrated AFE folds in.
Killing EEG Noise: 50/60 Hz & the Right-Leg Drive
Mains hum is the hardest real problem in EEG. How common-mode rejection, the driven-right-leg/bias loop, and low electrode impedance beat it, and why a notch filter is a band-aid.
EEG Safety & Isolation
The one rule that keeps DIY EEG safe: never connect a person's electrodes to anything with a path to mains. Why, the real hazard, and how isolation works.
Control a Drone With Your Brain
Yes, you can fly a drone with an EEG brain-computer interface. Here's how it actually works, what's realistic, and how you'd build a simple one.
The ADS1299 Explained
Why the Texas Instruments ADS1299 (an 8-channel, 24-bit, simultaneous-sampling biopotential front-end) became the de-facto chip for DIY and research EEG.
How to Build an EEG Brain-Computer Interface
A first-principles roadmap to a real DIY EEG brain-computer interface: from what the signal is, through the electronics that capture it, to turning brainwaves into a command.
Motor Imagery & the Mu Rhythm
How a non-invasive BCI reads imagined movement from the sensorimotor cortex: the mu rhythm, ERD/ERS, and why the signal is so variable.